1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:05,008 So, in other words, if you try to think on anything that is so activated, 2 00:00:05,008 --> 00:00:09,002 again, when i was a kid, they told me that the sunshine 3 00:00:09,002 --> 00:00:12,005 turns toward the sun to receive the sunlight. 4 00:00:12,005 --> 00:00:18,000 You know, i wouldn't buy these things, but on i learned something that on another side, 5 00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:26,005 the sun can give an angle and the sun turns the light, it is quite different. 6 00:00:26,005 --> 00:00:29,004 You see what i mean? There? 7 00:00:29,004 --> 00:00:36,000 Another interesting experiment was a, if you're familiar with these better understand a situation. 8 00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:39,000 So it takes stoning a fish, which is easier now. 9 00:00:39,000 --> 00:00:44,005 If you take a tank, and put little drops in that area around the fish. 10 00:00:44,005 --> 00:00:49,007 The question that started in this experiment was born then, 11 00:00:49,007 --> 00:00:53,008 in the presence of Loeb, Jacques Loeb, the physiologist, 12 00:00:53,008 --> 00:00:59,002 and everybody was saying that this fish have instincts, and they swim out to spawning grounds. 13 00:00:59,002 --> 00:01:04,000 They can find a river, like the Orinoco river, and they have never being there. 14 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:09,001 They swim across the ocean, up the Orinoco river, any other river, 15 00:01:09,001 --> 00:01:12,009 thousand miles away, and they will have their offspring, and then they will die. 16 00:01:12,009 --> 00:01:16,004 And this is the thing that they use the instincts in these fish. 17 00:01:16,004 --> 00:01:22,004 Some inborn, inheritage, that takes them there. They called the word instinct. 18 00:01:22,004 --> 00:01:27,006 And Loeb said that they can not conceive a fish born through the blueprint for behaviour, 19 00:01:27,006 --> 00:01:32,002 never having study geography, and then never having an imprinted map. 20 00:01:32,002 --> 00:01:34,004 How efficiently can possibly do that? 21 00:01:34,004 --> 00:01:39,006 So he made assumptions, or worked upon certain hypothesis. 22 00:01:39,006 --> 00:01:47,003 He said possibly all animals orient themselves into own coming chapels, 23 00:01:47,003 --> 00:01:50,003 and that is very, very difficult easily. 24 00:01:50,003 --> 00:01:56,009 He took a single fish and put into a, and you take a glass cylinder and a mirror on it, 25 00:01:56,009 --> 00:02:02,001 that covers that mirror in circles, and he rotated that glass, 26 00:02:02,001 --> 00:02:05,002 and he painted black dots on the glass. 27 00:02:05,002 --> 00:02:11,004 So, when he rotate a glass, like this, chromium black dots showing this way, 28 00:02:11,004 --> 00:02:17,001 shadows go that way, yes, you see that? Do you? Do you eachother? 29 00:02:17,001 --> 00:02:23,005 In another way, the silver, and were black dots over, see that black dots moving across over, 30 00:02:23,005 --> 00:02:27,006 and when he turns it around, all of the fish, no matter how many, 31 00:02:27,006 --> 00:02:31,005 turn on out of his shadows, is that clear? Immediately. 32 00:02:31,005 --> 00:02:36,004 But, he then rotated at an angle, and all fish come at that angle in this shadow. 33 00:02:36,004 --> 00:02:42,000 So he said, the running stream of the river, we know with that waves on top, 34 00:02:42,000 --> 00:02:44,001 reduce shadows going against the fish, 35 00:02:44,001 --> 00:02:49,001 and the fish swim against the water, and then swim in turn with each others. 36 00:02:49,001 --> 00:02:55,000 But when he turns the river around and spawn faster when the stream moving, they turn around. 37 00:02:55,000 --> 00:02:59,009 Then he said this, that the mechanism that orients the fish in this direction, 38 00:02:59,009 --> 00:03:02,004 so they come each others. Is that clear? 39 00:03:02,004 --> 00:03:06,000 He tried to find the mechanisms behind the movement. 40 00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:09,005 In the early days, when a child play a piano when 9 years old, 41 00:03:09,005 --> 00:03:12,007 they said they were gifted, that he has an instinct for music. 42 00:03:12,007 --> 00:03:17,005 And how all this shit works, and he tried to define those terms. 43 00:03:17,005 --> 00:03:20,005 He tried to define, he called himself a mechanist, 44 00:03:20,005 --> 00:03:23,003 he tried to find mechanical relationships. 45 00:03:23,003 --> 00:03:28,002 That means, when you roll your eyes to the back, there are muscles pulling the eye bowls. 46 00:03:28,002 --> 00:03:33,001 There are up things that our chemicals holds the muscle, see what i mean? 47 00:03:33,001 --> 00:03:37,005 There is a whole series, so, when come back to the old question, 48 00:03:37,005 --> 00:03:40,007 what makes the fish that is not in the stream, so i'm taking on each others. 49 00:03:40,007 --> 00:03:47,002 So why picking up each others and shadows, they all orient themselves into each others. 50 00:03:47,002 --> 00:03:49,005 Making all that meaning that? Yes. 51 00:03:49,005 --> 00:03:53,005 And all down the line, all his work backed up. 52 00:03:53,005 --> 00:03:57,007 The work were against them flow down. And they said that in a certain patterns of behaviour, 53 00:03:57,007 --> 00:04:00,009 we have the name of the scientist, yes, that let's put them out. 54 00:04:00,009 --> 00:04:07,006 Let's try to find the mechanisms that generate behaviour, is that alright? 55 00:04:07,006 --> 00:04:10,007 And that is the problem when together...